Om sekulära liturgier och ateismens omöjlighet

Via denna föreläsning av James K.A. Smith på temat sekulära liturgier hittade jag fram till en fantastisk text av den hyllade amerikanske författaren David Foster Wallace. Nedanstående är ett utdrag ur ett längre tal på temat 'making it to 30, or maybe 50, without wanting to shoot yourself in the head', som Foster Wallace höll för en avgångsklass.

"Because here's something else that's true. In the day-to-day trenches of adult life, there is no such thing as atheism. There is no such thing as not worshipping. Everybody worships. The only choice we get is what to worship. And an outstanding reason for choosing some sort of god or spiritual-type thing to worship - be it JC or Allah, be it Yahweh or the Wiccan mother-goddess or the Four Noble Truths or some infrangible set of ethical principles - is that pretty much anything else you worship will eat you alive. If you worship money and things - if they are where you tap real meaning in life - then you will never have enough. Never feel you have enough. It's the truth. Worship your own body and beauty and sexual allure and you will always feel ugly, and when time and age start showing, you will die a million deaths before they finally plant you. On one level, we all know this stuff already - it's been codified as myths, proverbs, clichés, bromides, epigrams, parables: the skeleton of every great story. The trick is keeping the truth up front in daily consciousness. Worship power - you will feel weak and afraid, and you will need ever more power over others to keep the fear at bay. Worship your intellect, being seen as smart - you will end up feeling stupid, a fraud, always on the verge of being found out.

The insidious thing about these forms of worship is not that they're evil or sinful; it is that they are unconscious. They are default settings. They're the kind of worship you just gradually slip into, day after day, getting more and more selective about what you see and how you measure value without ever being fully aware that that's what you're doing. And the world will not discourage you from operating on your default settings, because the world of men and money and power hums along quite nicely on the fuel of fear and contempt and frustration and craving and the worship of self. Our own present culture has harnessed these forces in ways that have yielded extraordinary wealth and comfort and personal freedom. The freedom to be lords of our own tiny skull-sized kingdoms, alone at the centre of all creation. This kind of freedom has much to recommend it. But there are all different kinds of freedom, and the kind that is most precious you will not hear much talked about in the great outside world of winning and achieving and displaying. The really important kind of freedom involves attention, and awareness, and discipline, and effort, and being able truly to care about other people and to sacrifice for them, over and over, in myriad petty little unsexy ways, every day. That is real freedom. The alternative is unconsciousness, the default setting, the "rat race" - the constant gnawing sense of having had and lost some infinite thing."

Hauerwas om liturgi

via The Work of the People

Missa inte heller denna intervju, där Hauerwas ger råd till Obama angående Afghanistan.

Augustinsk pedagogik

I sin kommande bok menar James K.A Smith att shoppingcentra, arenor, och universitet är exempel på liturgiska strukturer som formar både våra tankar, känslor och passioner. Den nyfikne kan läsa det första kapitlet här!

Ett par läsvärda utdrag:

"Because our hearts are oriented primarily by desire, by what we love, and because those desires are shaped and molded by the habit-forming practices in which we participate, it is the rituals and practices of the mall—the liturgies of mall and market—that shape our imaginations and how we orient ourselves to the world. Embedded in them is a common set of assumptions about the shape of human flourishing, which becomes an implicit telos, or goal, of our own desires and actions. That is, the visions of the good life embedded in these practices become surreptitiously embedded in us through our participation in the rituals and rhythms of these institutions. These quasi-liturgies effect an education of desire, a pedagogy of the heart. But if the church is complicit with this sort of formation, where could we look for an alternative education of desire?"

"The core claim of this book is that liturgies—whether “sacred” or “secular”—shape and constitute our identities by forming our most fundamental desires and our most basic attunement to the world. In short, liturgies make us certain kinds of people, and what defines us is what we love. They do this because we are the sorts of animals whose orientation to the world is shaped from the body up more than from the head down. Liturgies aim our love to different ends precisely by training our hearts through our bodies. They prime us to approach the world in a certain way, to value certain things, to aim for certain goals, to pursue certain dreams, to work together on certain projects."

"Behind the veneer of a “value-free” education concerned with providing skills, knowledge, and information is an educational vision that remains formative. There is no neutral, nonformative education; in short, there is no such thing as a “secular” education."

"Because I think that we are primarily desiring animals rather than merely thinking things, I also think that what constitutes our ultimate identities—what makes us who we are, the kind of people we are—is what we love. More specifically, our identity is shaped by what we ultimately love or what we love as ultimate—what, at the end of the day, gives us a sense of meaning, purpose, understanding, and orientation to our being-in-the-world."

"Being a disciple of Jesus is not primarily a matter of getting the right ideas and doctrines and beliefs into your head in order to guarantee proper behavior; rather, it’s a matter of being the kind of person who loves rightly—who loves God and neighbor and is oriented to the world by the primacy of that love. We are made to be such people by our immersion in the material practices of Christian worship—through affective impact, over time, of sights and smell in water and wine."

Om klyftan mellan söndag och resten av veckan

I en intervju med teologen William Cavanaugh, svarar han så här på frågan om vad som kännetecknar hans tänkande:

"What I’m trying to do is make connections between Sunday on the one hand and Monday through Friday on the other. In other words, to make connections between Church life—especially the Eucharist—and everyday life. I want to bridge the gap that shouldn’t be there but is."

Dit borde all teologi sträva!

Gott nytt år?

Tillhör du en församling som firar nyår den 1:e januari? Eller har kanske din församling den svenska flaggan på väggen?
Om så är fallet kan din frälsning vara i fara!

Orden är Stanley Hauerwas och är tagna ur en provocerande och tankeväckande föreläsning om betydelsen av Jesu död och uppståndelse. Hauerwas poäng är att kristen tro genom sin assimilation den omgivande kulturen riskerar att korrumperas. Läs föreläsningen i sin helhet här!

Kyrkans nyår firas ju traditionellt den första advent. Men att racka ner på kyrkor som firar nyår natten till den 1:e januari kan ju lätt uppfattas som trams. Jag tror dock att frågan är viktig. Viktig därför att våra ritualer, traditioner och det sätt på vilket vi framhåller vissa dagar som betydelsefulla formar vår identitet och vår världsbild.

Kyrkoårets kalender påminner oss om att vår identitet som kristna är formade av en annan berättelse. Nämligen berättelsen om hur Guds rike kommit oss nära genom Jesus.

Med hopp om att ditt nya år börjat bra!